In a large mixing bowl, combine 3 cups all-purpose flour, 1/4 teaspoon instant yeast, and 1 1/2 teaspoons salt.
Add 1 1/2 cups warm water to the dry ingredients and stir with a wooden spoon until a shaggy dough forms.
Fold in 1 1/2 cups shredded sharp cheddar cheese until evenly distributed throughout the dough.
Cover the bowl with plastic wrap or a clean kitchen towel and let the dough rest at room temperature for 5 to 6 hours, or until it has doubled in size and is bubbly.
After the dough has risen, preheat your oven to 450°F (230°C). Place a large Dutch oven or heavy oven-safe pot with a lid inside the oven to heat for 30 minutes.
Carefully remove the hot Dutch oven from the oven. Lightly flour a work surface and turn the dough out onto it.
Shape the dough into a round loaf by folding the edges toward the center, then flip it seam side down.
Place the dough onto a piece of parchment paper and transfer it into the hot Dutch oven.
Cover with the lid and bake for 30 minutes.
Remove the lid and bake for an additional 15 minutes, or until the bread is golden brown and sounds hollow when tapped.
Remove the bread from the oven and transfer it to a wire rack to cool completely before slicing.