Preheat the air fryer to 400°F (200°C) for 5 minutes.
In a large bowl, toss the broccoli florets with 1 tablespoon of olive oil, half of the minced garlic, 1/4 teaspoon salt, and 1/8 teaspoon black pepper until evenly coated.
Place the broccoli in the air fryer basket in a single layer and cook for 6 minutes, shaking the basket halfway through cooking.
While the broccoli cooks, in the same bowl, combine the shrimp with the remaining 1 tablespoon olive oil, the rest of the minced garlic, smoked paprika, remaining salt, black pepper, and crushed red pepper flakes. Toss to coat evenly.
After the broccoli has cooked for 6 minutes, add the seasoned shrimp to the air fryer basket on top of the broccoli in a single layer.
Cook for an additional 6 minutes or until the shrimp are opaque and cooked through and the broccoli is tender-crisp, shaking the basket halfway through.
Transfer the shrimp and broccoli to a serving dish. Drizzle with fresh lemon juice and sprinkle with lemon zest. Toss gently to combine.
Serve immediately.